Category Archives: Basics
Linux Download : Top 10 Free Linux Distributions for Desktop and Servers
All the Linux distributions are either derivative of GNU/Linux ( OS made up of Linux Kernel developed by Linus Torvalds and GNU software repository) or derived from other Linux derivatives.
Desktop distributions comes with Graphical user interface enabled by default & aimed at individual users and most of the administration work can be done using GUI. Good for new users and running Linux-based graphical applications.
Server Distribution are for more advanced users who are familiar with Linux command line as Graphical Interface is not enabled by default in most of the server distributions. Server distributions comes with web servers like apache and networking packages like DNS and useful for running backend services , work as web server or DNS Server.
Top 10 Must have Books for Unix and Linux
Here is the top 10 must have books for Unix and Linux , these are great books for any one working in Unix and Linux from beginner to advance users improve skills and go deeper to understand, learn, program and manage Unix and Linux systems.
10 Must Have O’Reilly Linux and Unix Books
Published several years ago these O’Reilly books are still useful & relevant for the current and new system administrators. Although these books may not cover latest version of operating systems yet these explains very well the underlying technical details and process which have not changed over the years.
awk Commands, Examples & Meaning
Learn to use awk for text and data extraction, data processing, validation, generate reports for analysis, automation with with the help of examples of if else , compare & arrays plus regular expressions & built in operational variables, meaning, examples &command syntax.
cpio ( GNU )
CoPy In Out
Usage: cpio [OPTION…] [destination-directory]
GNU `cpio’ copies files to and from archives
Examples:
# Copy files named in name-list to the archive
cpio -o < name-list [> archive]
# Extract files from the archive
cpio -i [< archive]
# Copy files named in name-list to destination-directory
cpio -p destination-directory < name-list
Main operation mode:
-i, –extract
Extract files from an archive (run in copy-in
mode) -o, –create Create the archive (run in copy-out mode) -p, –pass-through Run in copy-pass mode
-t, –list Print a table of contents of the input
Operation modifiers valid in any mode:
–block-size=BLOCK-SIZE Set the I/O block size to BLOCK-SIZE * 512
bytes
-B Set the I/O block size to 5120 bytes
-c Identical to “-H newc”, use the new (SVR4)
portable format.If you wish the old portable
(ASCII) archive format, use “-H odc” instead.
-C, –io-size=NUMBER Set the I/O block size to the given NUMBER of
bytes
–force-local Archive file is local, even if its name contains
colons
-f, –nonmatching Only copy files that do not match any of the given patterns
-F, –file=[[[email protected]]HOST:]FILE-NAME
Use this FILE-NAME instead of standard input or output. Optional USER and HOST specify the user and host names in case of a remote archive
-H, –format=FORMAT Use given archive FORMAT
-M, –message=STRING Print STRING when the end of a volume of the
backup media is reached
-n, –numeric-uid-gid In the verbose table of contents listing, show
numeric UID and GID
–quiet Do not print the number of blocks copied
–rsh-command=COMMAND Use remote COMMAND instead of rsh
-v, –verbose Verbosely list the files processed
-V, –dot Print a “.” for each file processed
-W, –warning=FLAG Control warning display. Currently FLAG is one of
‘none’, ‘truncate’, ‘all’. Multiple options
accumulate.
Operation modifiers valid only in copy-in mode:
-b, –swap Swap both halfwords of words and bytes of
halfwords in the data. Equivalent to -sS
-r, –rename Interactively rename files
-s, –swap–bytes Swap the bytes of each halfword in the files
-S, –swap-halfwords Swap the halfwords of each word (4 bytes) in the
files
–to-stdout Extract files to standard output
-E, –pattern-file=FILE Read additional patterns specifying filenames to
extract or list from FILE
–only-verify-crc When reading a CRC format archive, only verify the
checksum of each file in the archive, don’t
actually extract the files
Operation modifiers valid only in copy-out mode:
-A, –append Append to an existing archive.
-O [[[email protected]]HOST:]FILE-NAME Archive filename to use instead of standard output. Optional USER and HOST specify the user and host names in case of a remote archive
Operation modifiers valid only in copy-pass mode:
-l, –link Link files instead of copying them, when
possible
Operation modifiers valid in copy-in and copy-out modes:
–absolute-filenames Do not strip file system prefix components from
the file names
–no-absolute-filenames Create all files relative to the current
directory
Operation modifiers valid in copy-out and copy-pass modes:
-0, –null A list of filenames is terminated by a null
character instead of a newline
-a, –reset-access-time Reset the access times of files after reading
them
-I [[[email protected]]HOST:]FILE-NAME Archive filename to use instead of standard input. Optional USER and HOST specify the user and host
names in case of a remote archive
-L, –dereference Dereference symbolic links (copy the files
that they point to instead of copying the links).
-R, –owner=[USER][:.][GROUP] Set the ownership of all files created to the specified USER and/or GROUP
Operation modifiers valid in copy-in and copy-pass modes:
-d, –make-directories Create leading directories where needed
-m, –preserve-modification-time
Retain previous file modification times when creating files
–no-preserve-owner Do not change the ownership of the files
–sparse Write files with large blocks of zeros as sparse
files
-u, –unconditional Replace all files unconditionally
-?, –help give this help list
–usage give a short usage message
–version print program version
Mandatory or optional arguments to long options are also mandatory or optional for any corresponding short options.
Report bugs to <[email protected]>.